“Reflections” on the topic of anticancer vaccines are replete with the entire Runet today. At the same time, some note a decrease in mortality and severe cases of the disease (which means the vaccine “works”). Others, on the contrary, note an increase in the number of cases among those vaccinated … So what can you really expect from a vaccine? And what other “nuances” of vaccination are worth knowing?
Question 1: why do vaccinated people get sick
First, and in the “most important,” none of the existing vaccines is 100% effective. This is due to many factors, and, in particular, the individual characteristics of the immune response to vaccination, which are difficult to predict in advance (both laboratory and clinical).
Secondly, the effectiveness of a vaccine reflects not the number of people protected among all vaccinated, but the degree of protection of each.
For example, 90% effectiveness means that the risk of infection for each vaccinated person is reduced by 90% (and, especially, its severe form). And not about the fact that 90 vaccinated are protected, and the other 10 have not received protection at all.
Thus, some risk of infection persists in one way or another after the use of any of the vaccines available on the market.
And thirdly, let’s not forget that the greater the number of vaccinated people, the greater the number of cases among them. Hence the “growing” numbers.
Question 2: how to determine the “sufficiency” of immunity
Today, there is no single answer to this question, due to the still short observation period. However, the results of some studies still cite “specific numbers” that have demonstrated the effectiveness of “in vitro” (tests in a “test tube”).
Thus, the Abbott company reported that as a result of the tests, the amount of antibodies at a concentration of 3950 AU / ml with a 95% probability is sufficient to neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus “in vitro” (tests were carried out using a live virus).
It should be remembered that the conclusions regarding the effective concentration of antibodies are described for the test system manufactured by Abbott (USA) IgG antibodies to the RBD domain S1 of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus protein
Whereas the data obtained on other test systems may differ significantly.
Doctors recommend checking the dynamics of antibodies is recommended by the same method, on the same analyzer using the same test system.
Such an analysis can be used both after vaccination (antibodies are available for “counting” by 7-10 days from vaccination, with a maximum by 21 days), and to assess the strength of immunity after illness. Since the RBD domain of the S-protein is present both in the virus itself and in vaccines.
Well, if after vaccination there are suspicions of covid, you can check the “theory” either by the PCR method (smear, relevant in the early stages), or by a blood test for
Antibodies IgG to the N protein of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19, nucleocapsid protein, USA https://kdl.ru/analizy-i-tseny/antitela-k-koronavirusu-sars-cov2-igg (after 14- 21 days from the onset of infection).
Since the N protein is present exclusively in the “body” of the virus and is not included in any of the existing vaccines.
